- ratify /ˈrætɪfaɪ/ (verb) – 비준하다, 승인하다
▸ The climate agreement was ratified by over 100 countries within a week.
▸ 그 기후 협약은 일주일 만에 100개국 이상에서 비준되었다. - staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ (adjective) – 충격적인, 믿기 어려운
▸ The staggering rise in housing prices has sparked protests in major cities.
▸ 주택 가격의 충격적인 상승은 주요 도시에서 시위를 촉발했다. - divert /daɪˈvɜːrt/ (verb) – 방향을 바꾸다, 전용하다
▸ Funds were diverted from military projects to education and healthcare.
▸ 군사 프로젝트 자금이 교육과 보건 분야로 전용되었다. - pledge /pledʒ/ (verb/noun) – 맹세하다, 약속하다; 서약
▸ The company pledged to reduce carbon emissions by 40% by 2030.
▸ 그 회사는 2030년까지 탄소 배출을 40% 감축하겠다고 약속했다. - render /ˈrendər/ (verb) – ~하게 만들다, 제공하다
▸ The damage from the typhoon rendered many homes uninhabitable.
▸ 태풍 피해로 많은 주택이 거주 불가능하게 되었다. - comprehensive /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv/ (adjective) – 포괄적인, 종합적인
▸ A comprehensive review of the health system was launched after the outbreak.
▸ 발병 이후 보건 시스템에 대한 포괄적인 검토가 시작되었다. - exempt /ɪɡˈzempt/ (adjective/verb) – 면제된; 면제하다
▸ Low-income households will be exempt from the new utility tax.
▸ 저소득 가구는 새로운 공공요금 세금에서 면제될 예정이다. - amend /əˈmend/ (verb) – 수정하다, 개정하다
▸ Lawmakers are expected to amend the bill to address public concerns.
▸ 국회의원들은 국민의 우려를 반영하기 위해 법안을 수정할 예정이다. - precede /prɪˈsiːd/ (verb) – ~보다 앞서다, 선행하다
▸ The mayor’s speech preceded the vote on urban redevelopment.
▸ 시장의 연설이 도시 재개발에 대한 표결보다 먼저 진행되었다. - adverse /ˈædvɜːrs/ (adjective) – 부정적인, 불리한
▸ Adverse weather conditions delayed several rescue operations.
▸ 악천후로 인해 여러 구조 작업이 지연되었다.
News
Sentence:
In response to the staggering costs of reconstruction, the government pledged a comprehensive aid package and amended the existing relief policy.
Structure Analysis:
- Main clause: the government pledged… and amended… (병렬 동사 구조)
- Prepositional phrase: in response to the staggering costs of reconstruction (원인에 대한 반응)
해석:
막대한 재건 비용에 대응하여 정부는 종합적 지원책을 약속하고 기존의 구호 정책을 수정했다.
IELTS Academic Style Quiz
Question 1.
Which word best completes the sentence?
The international treaty will not take effect until it is ______ by all member states.
Answer: ratified
Explanation: "ratify" means to officially approve or confirm a formal agreement.
Question 2.
Choose the word that describes something very large and hard to believe.
Answer: staggering
Explanation: "staggering" refers to something shocking due to its size or impact.
Question 3.
The charity organization decided to ______ donations toward disaster relief.
Answer: divert
Explanation: "divert" means to change direction or reallocate resources.
Question 4.
The government announced a ______ plan to address inflation and unemployment.
Answer: comprehensive
Explanation: "comprehensive" means broad and covering all necessary areas.
Question 5.
Which word means to officially remove someone from a duty or obligation?
Answer: exempt
Explanation: "exempt" means to free someone from a rule or responsibility.
Question 6.
Fill in the blank:
Strong winds and heavy rain created ______ conditions for evacuation.
Answer: adverse
Explanation: "adverse" means negative or harmful.
Question 7.
Which word describes the act of promising or committing to something?
Answer: pledge
Explanation: "pledge" is used as both a verb and noun meaning commitment or promise.
Question 8.
The judge decided to ______ the original sentence after reviewing new evidence.
Answer: amend
Explanation: "amend" means to revise or correct, especially legal documents or laws.
Question 9.
The keynote address will ______ the signing ceremony.
Answer: precede
Explanation: "precede" means to come before something in time or order.
Question 10.
The flood ______ many families homeless.
Answer: rendered
Explanation: "render" means to cause someone or something to be in a particular state.
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